Spain Gross Domestic Product - Estimated (QoQ) in line with expectations (0.6%) in 3Q

Norman Liebke at Commerzbank notes the ECB delivered a widely expected pause, while Christine Lagarde signalled that another rate hike in December remains possible and largely priced in. The Euro’s path beyond December will hinge on energy prices and potential second-round effects on wages and inflation expectations. Higher bond yields already tighten financing conditions, limiting scope for an extended hiking cycle.